Donald Calne Lecture 2009 featuring Dr. J. William Langston
Calgary, January, 2009
Internationally Renowned Neuroscientist makes outstanding presentation at Parkinson Canada’s Donald Calne Lecture in Calgary
Dr. J. William Langston, founder, CEO and Scientific Director of the Parkinson’s Institute in Sunnyvale, California addressed a packed banquet hall in Calgary, Friday, January 9, 2009 at the 6th Donald Calne Lecture, hosted by Parkinson Canada and Parkinson Society Southern Alberta, and sponsored by Solvay Pharma. Dr. Langston brought up to date an audience of over 120, including attendees of the Parkinson Research Alliance meeting, on developments in Parkinson’s.
Lecture highlights
Developments in Parkinson’s
- PD is very likely a protein folding disease like ALS, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s
Researchers now know that, in Parkinson’s, the protein, a-synuclein becomes toxic and destroys the cells when it does not fold properly. “This represents a huge shift in the thinking about PD and makes the area of protein folding an important therapeutic target,” said Langston.
- PD may begin in the olfactory bulb
Dr. Langston noted that loss of smell may occur long before the onset of other symptoms, making the olfactory bulb, which governs the sense of smell, a prime target for investigation. “No matter how many people get Parkinson’s, it usually begins with the loss of the sense of smell but only 60 percent of people realize there is a problem.”
- Environmental factors play an important role in PD
Dr. Langston cited many studies showing a link between the use of pesticides and herbicides and Parkinson’s.
Over 50 published studies show an inverse relationship between PD and smoking, according to Dr. Langston. “If you smoked from the time you were a teenager, your risk of getting Parkinson’s is much less.” However, cigarette smoke has 4,000 chemical compounds, so finding the right one poses its own challenges, he cautioned.
Coffee drinking also seems to reduce the risk of Parkinson’s.
- Genetics loads the gun, but the environment pulls the trigger
Dr. Langston discussed the long-standing debate about genetics versus environment and reviewed the studies of twins, both identical and fraternal which showed that the environment plays a role. “While genetics loads the gun, the environment pulls the trigger,” he said.
New research-gathering techniques
Dr. Langston spoke about using the internet to gather research, citing 23andMe, the company that won Time Magazine’s #1 Invention of the Year award, as one example. 23andMe is embarking on a genome project where you “spit in a cup”, send it to a central location and six weeks later, receive a personalized genome that traces your genetics, where your ancestors came from and whether you will ever be an Olympic sprinter. It also can tell whether you are at risk for Type 2 diabetes and which diseases are high risk for you. This study has the ability to gather massive amounts of population information and could change the future of research.
New California Parkinson’s Registry
California recently passed into law new legislation which calls for all cases of PD to be reported in the State of California. According to Dr. Langston, both patients and doctors wanted this law.